lunes, julio 30, 2007

(4to Medio) TEXT 2: finding Passive Voice sentences

A Look at the Intriguing History of Snowboarding
By Keith Kingston


To say who actually invented the sport of snowboarding would be impossible because people have always loved to slide down a snow-covered hill. Soaring through the snow on some kind of seat or board is nothing new. The ways to enjoy the snow are numerous, and people have devised ways to turn garbage can lids and cardboard into ‘snow boards’ to enjoy an afternoon frolic outdoors. The various ways to glide through snow have become more sophisticated and have evolved into using polished boards or skis in much the same manner as a surfboarder would ride a wave.

There have been many attempts at developing a modern snowboard. In 1965, the ‘Snurfer’ (a word play on ‘snow’ and ‘surfer’) was developed as a child’s toy. Two skis were bound together and a rope was placed at the front end to afford control and stability. Over 500,000 ‘Snurfers’ were sold in 1966 but they were never seen as more than a child's plaything even though organized competitions began to take place. The year 1969 brought a slightly more sophisticated snowboard based on the principles of skiing combined with surfboard styling.

The ‘Flying Yellow Banana’ was developed in 1977. This was nothing more than a plastic shell covered with a top surface like that of a skateboard, but at the time it was considered a major advance in the little known sport of snowboarding. The first national snowboard race was held in the area outside Woodstock and was known as ‘The Suicide Six.’ The race consisted of a steep downhill run called The Face in which the main goal was probably mere survival.

Snowboarding continued to increase in popularity over the next several years. In 1985 the first magazine dedicated specifically to snowboarding hit the news stands with huge success and furthered the popularity of this exciting sport. Hoards of fans began to organize regional events and pretty soon snowboarding events were held in all parts of the world. In the year 1994 snowboarding was finally declared an Olympic event, much to the delight of fans. The not-so-new sport of snowboarding was finally recognized and meant a huge victory for serious snowboarders across the globe.

A collection of snowboarding tricks and stunts was released on video in 1996. Filmed in Alaska, the breathtaking beauty and captivating snowboarding techniques featured in the video exposed snowboarding to a new generation, and by 1998 snowboarding constituted almost 50% of all winter activity. Today, nearly all ski resorts accept snowboarders. There are still a few holding on to the past but this is unlikely to continue as the number of snowboarders continually increases.

From the first crudely built snowboards to the advanced and specialized models available today, snowboarders have carried a ‘bad boy’ image. This rebel reputation is still common today in spite of the fact that snowboarding appeals to men, women, and children of all nationalities and social groups. At most major ski resorts you can find snowboarding gear, information, and lessons. Olympic and world wide snowboarding events are among the most popular of winter sports and the competition to be the best is fierce.

Retailers nation wide and around the world carry many types of snowboards, and the choice in specially made snowboarding gear is immense. Snowboarders have participated in the X Games and even charity events such as Boarding for Breast Cancer. From its early meager beginnings snowboarding has progressed into a fully recognized sport, and large numbers of people are turning to snowboarding for adventure, fun, and professional recognition.

Keith Kingston is a professional web publisher offering information on snowboards, skiing, ski vacations, snow removal and snowmobiles at
all-4-snow.com

Article Source: EzineArticles.com

READ THE FIRST POST TO KNOW THE TASK FOR YOU.

DEADLINE: TUESDAY, AUGUST 7th, 2007.

4tos Medios: "PASSIVE VOICE"(Grammar summary)

Use of Passive
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.
Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it.
Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:
Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
  • the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
  • the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
  • the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.

As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. That’s why it is usually dropped.

Personal and Impersonal Passive
Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.
Example: They build houses. – Houses are built.

Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction – therefore this passive is called Impersonal Passive.
Example: he says – it is said

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know).
Example: They say that women live longer than men. – It is said that women live longer than men.
Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. – Women are said to live longer than men.

The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped).

Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence.

sábado, julio 21, 2007

(4to Medio) TEXT 1: "Two Sisters and the Cat"

Two sisters and the cat

Mrs Wilson and Mrs Smith are sisters. Mrs Wilson lives in a house in Duncan and Mrs Smith lives in a condominium in Victoria. One day Mrs Wilson visited her sister. When her sister answered the door Mrs Wilson saw tears in her eyes. "What's the matter?" she asked. Mrs Smith said "My cat Sammy died last night and I have no place to bury him".

She began to cry again. Mrs Wilson was very sad because she knew her sister loved the cat very much. Suddenly Mrs. Wilson said "I can bury your cat in my garden in Duncan and you can come and visit him sometimes. Mrs. Smith stopped crying and the two sisters had tea together and a nice visit.


It was now five o'clock and Mrs Wilson said it was time for her to go home. She put on her hat, coat and gloves and Mrs Smith put the dead Sammy into a shopping bag. Mrs Wilson took the shopping bag and walked to the bus stop. She waited a long time for the bus so she bought a newspaper. When the bus arrived she got on the bus, sat down and put the shopping bag on the floor beside her feet. She then began to read the newspaper. When the bus arrived at her bus stop she got off the bus and walked for about two minutes. Suddenly she remembered she left the shopping bag on the bus.

[Story by Laurie Buchanan]

NOW READ THE QUESTIONS AND POST THE ANSWERS (exmple: 1a, 2b, 3c, 4a... etc.)
In the post must be clear your name and last name. (no nicknames!!)

DEADLINE: Friday, July 27th, 2007

1. Where does Mrs Smith live?
a) in a condominium in Duncan
b) in a condominium in Victoria
c) in a house in Duncan

2. Why is Mrs Smith upset?
a) because her sister came to see her cat
b) because her cat died
c) because Mrs Wislon was sad

3. What did Mrs Wilson do?
a) take the cat with her on the bus
b) put her gloves in the shopping bag
c) prepare dinner for her sister

4. Who did Sammy the cat live with?
a) Mrs Wilson
b) Mrs Smith
c) Mrs Wilson and Mrs Smith

5. What time did Mrs Wilson go home?
a) when the bus arrived
b) at 5 p.m.
c) after she walked for two minutes

6. How did Mrs Wilson go home?
a) walked for two minutes before she caught the bus
b) read a newspaper on the bus
c) took a bus

7. What did Mrs Wilson forget?
a) the newspaper
b) her handbag
c) the shopping bag

8. Where did Sammy die?
a) in Mrs Smith's house in Duncan
b) in Mrs Wilson's garden
c) in Victoria

jueves, julio 05, 2007

REPORT: "Chris Benoit is a murderer"

Bruce Hart said that Chris Benoit was a "sick-delirius" and he said that Chris didn't differenced the reality of the fiction. He said that the last time that he saw Chriss was in a lamentablemental state.

He said that who theys (World Wrestling Entertaiment) didn't know that something was wrong. He said that his believe that the WWE need to re-evaluate his rol here.

(...)He said that he was hearing a lots of "was a great man" or "i know him from child" but he said that the only that he know is that Chris Benoit is a murderer.

(Source:"Toronto Sun")









BY JONATHAN ESPINOZA

MORE INFORMATION AT: http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2007/more/06/25/wrestler.dead.ap/index.html

REPORT: Tom Cruise: 'I'm passionate about life'


Actor Tom Cruise talks with 'Today' host Matt Lauer about his new love, new movie and his recent controversial comments

The past few weeks have been full of excitement for Tom Cruise. “Today” host Matt Lauer sat down with the actor and talked about his new love, his new movie, “War of the Worlds,” and the recent firestorm he caused when he commented on Brooke Shield’s use of therapy and drugs to cure her postpartum depression.

Lauer: How are you handling this? I mean every magazine, every newspaper, and every entertainment show. What's it like for you to be living through this right now?

(1)Cruise: It's just a great time in my life. I'm really happy. And, you know, I'm engaged. I'm going to be married. I can't restrain myself.

Lauer: We talk about life in a second. Let's talk about the movie, though. Okay, “War of the Worlds.” I mean, I've always been fascinated by this whole concept, the "we are not alone in a big way," concept. Do you remember your first exposure to it, to the story?

(2)Cruise: I remember, I was a kid. And I heard about the Orson Wells radio play. It was my first exposure to this story.
Lauer: Has it helped the movie?

(2)Cruise: I don't know. You know what? It comes down to the movie. It always comes down to the movie.
In Reported Speech:
(1) Tom Cruise answered that It was just a great time in your life. He was really happy and added that The journalist knew that him. He was had engaged and Tom Cruise said that I was going to be married. I couldn’t restrain yourself.

(2) Tom Cruise answered that he remembered, He had been a kid. And He had heard about the Orson Wells radio play. It had been your first exposur to that story.

(3) Tom Cruise answered that he didn’t know and asked to the periodist if He know what? And he added It cames down to the movie and He said It always cames down to the movie.

BY KEVIN CASTILLO

REPORT: Jim Campilongo, the Master of the Twang

Interview to Jim Campilongo"The master of the Twang".

He said that sometimes when he face one progresion of jazz-blues, to him liked put something "hot" to the song, asking to himself, He said , how could to approach to this changes somes of the gigants of "footswhitch steel" like Buddy Emmons or "Curly" Chalker?.

He said that when he make this immediatly come to his mind the "voicings" inspired in the "footswitch steel" that implyto his stronger finger number one of his left hand pulling the 3th sting, that help his toimitate this characteristic tinkler sound of them.


(Source: From Guitarra Total Nº90)
BY JUAN PABLO HUECHE

martes, julio 03, 2007

REPORT: THE FAMILIAR “PICADA” OF THE GRINGOS.


(INTERVIEW MADE BY THE NEWSPAPER LA ESTRELLA DE ARICA.
Viernes 22 de junio de 2007)


THE “PICADA” FAMILIAR OF THE GRINGOS.
Mónica Pizarro, junto a Arturo Fumey, sus hijos Monserrat y Edgar Pacheco; Fanska Castillo, Carlos Gutiérrez, Ruy Lemus y Teddy Marambio; el equipo de trabajo que es una verdadera microempresa familiar.

Local located to means of the ex- island
the Scorpion is a true microcompany.

The newspaper La Estrella de Arica said that True “itched” a familiar one it has been transformed into this world-wide championship of surf, the premises Rolly Coffee “the Gringo”.
But, for its owner, Mónica Pizarro Alvarez (50 years old) everything has not been easy. Separated and with two children it had to fight against all odds to remain in the sector.
“She said that First, they said to me that it was not going to be able to work in the world-wide one and that it had to leave, or that was going to me to surround, but thanks to the organization Rip Curl I stayed signs and here I am with my familiar group taking care of all these sport young people”.
The interviewer it asks to him Mónica Pizarro. How divided the history of this familiar microcompany?
She responds : Good, I am a trading fighter and enterprising, because when one is female leader of home must stop the pot; that means to sell stones or what is, but to subsist and aside from that worthy being because I like to gain the bread to me and not that me gives it. Because there is much people who are customary to that they give him and without delivering no attack.
The interviewer it asks. Has had many problems to leave ahead with its premises in the ex- island?
And she responds: I have had problems because here it is necessary to be concessionary of the coastal edge, is necessary to request permission to the National Monument Council, the Municipality of Arica and comes a world-wide match now and am locked up.
The interviewer it asks. But, the organization supported it, no?
And she responds: It is thus and I thank for it because the gringos fought by me who I am an ant; they two years before began to make their meetings in this same premises and they gambled it, even, until facilitate the light now to me. In fact it costs to make tourism.

THIS INTERVIEW WAS MADE TO THE MOTHER OF EDGAR PACHECO, STUDENT OF LICEO DOMINGO SANTA MARIA.
BY DANILO CARVAJAL

REPORT: Drugs

Reports About the drugs

The greater times of the cases, the news and reports about drugs that we listen and we read in the social mass media they are centered, for example, In the abundant thing of a seizure of drugs, the police capture of dealers and dealers, etc. In the abundant thing of a seizure of drugs, the police capture of dealers and dealers, etc. Not beyond the spectacular thing and sensationalistic of the news (only they are news the illegal drugs), that is distant a lot of its function to report but at the same time to educate, to sensitize and to generate polemics and spaces of reflection of all the Nicaraguan citizens.
I managed to observe that THE PRESS broke with this plan by the informative-constructive focus that have come giving al report published February 10 and the editorial one that was published on this theme the 19 February.

I consider that the theme was undertaken with objectivity and professional analysis, by the monitoring that are giving him to the problems of the legal and illegal drugs in our country; and especially the threats and havoc that is causing in our youth and therefore in our social nucleus, the Nicaraguan family.

BY HANS MUÑOZ

lunes, julio 02, 2007

REPORT: Animals's traffic a business millionaire.

Animals's traffic a business millionaire.

the Brazil is join of the principal sources of smuggling of fauna, over 12million of animals the drawees come from the country toward a tempter tradedinternational every year. Now that smuggling with the activation of a net ofinformation and cooperation in America of the Sur. will be combatted.JANEIRO's RIVER.- wild animals's traffic, a worldwide business of 20thousand million yearly dollars, no longer is in America worry only of somecountries.A net of information and cooperation against the illegal trade of animalsand plants is under construction in South America, where the highbiodiversidad attracts the traffickers of species.The strategy, that he hopes to check a business that has links with the drugtrafficking, agreed on in the first Lecture Sudamericana the Illegal Tradeof the Wildlife itself, that he joined together in July 150 experts andauthorities in Brasilia.united activities foreseen are traffickers's preparation of a data bank withlists of all of the countries, campaigns of environmental education andinterchange of reports. Ecuadorian Traffic, a project backed up for ONGinternational, the subcontinental will back up Renctas in the net's designand in his implantation.A curió, with his sound of violin, he can equal the cost of a newautomobile, he informed .ornamental and canorous birds's reproduction right now is a reality in BeenDOSes and Europe, even starting from mothers acquired contraband. But themotherlands have perks like the environment ambient and the wholefoods.

BY NADIA CORTEZ

REPORT: Iturriaga Neumann: “I am being sentenced by a lie"

After being notified of his sentence to 10 years of prison by the disappearance of Luis San Martin Vergara, the ex- military man declared innocent and questioned the legal figure of the kidnapping permanent. General (r) Raul Iturriaga Neumann defended his innocence shortly after being notified of his sentence to 10 years of prison dictated by law minister Alexander Soli's, by the disappearance in 1974 of the left militant Luis San Martin Vergara.
The ex- military man maintained that she is “being sentenced by a lie” because the Judicial Power knows that “I do not have to anybody kidnapped”. “In my life, first time that they sentence to me and how I go to this contentment. I ask to him you, if they would be contentments if they sentence them by a lie. I am being sentenced by a lie. I do not have any responsibility, I not even I stopped a gentleman that I know that she was called San Martin Vergara”, indicated.
The ex- member of the cupola of the DYNE, also, cuestinó the legal figure of the kidnapping permanent that is applied to the case of the missing prisoners and that makes the application impassable of the Law of Amnesty, dictated by the dictatorship in 1978. “I do not have to anybody kidnapped, and you to it know who I do not have it kidnapped, the president of the Supreme Court knows to it that I do not have to anybody kidnapped, knows the President to it of the Republic and the judge knows to it”, added.
The magistrate Soli's also condemned by he himself crime to 15 years from prison the ex- head of the missing Direction of National Intelligence (DYNE), Manuel Contreras; to 10 years to Brigadier Miguel Krassnoff; and to five years to Brigadier Gerald Urrich.

BY PABLO ESPINOZA